Effect of red palm olein on bone tissue fatty acid composition and histomorphometric parameters☆1

Watkins, Bruce A; Li, Yong; Rogers, Laura L; Hoffmann, Walter E; Iwakiri, Yasuko; Allen, Kenneth G.D; Seifert, Mark F

doi:10.1016/S0271-5317(00)00292-X

« Previous Next »Nutrition Research
Volume 21, Issue 1 , Pages 199-213, January 2001

Effect of red palm olein on bone tissue fatty acid composition and histomorphometric parameters☆¹

Bruce A Watkins
- Department of Food Science, Lipid Chemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-765-494-5802; fax: +1-765-494-7953
Yong Li
- Department of Food Science, Lipid Chemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
Laura L Rogers
- Department of Food Science, Lipid Chemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
Walter E Hoffmann
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA
Yasuko Iwakiri
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
Kenneth G.D Allen
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
Mark F Seifert
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA

Received 21 October 2000; accepted 24 October 2000.

Abstract

The effect of red palm olein on bone metabolism was investigated in growing rats. Fifty weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to five groups and fed ad libitum the following diets: Reference diet, 70 g soybean oil/kg diet; Red-35, 35 g red palm olein + 35 g soybean oil/kg diet; Red-50, 50 g red palm olein + 20 g soybean oil/kg diet; RPO-35, 35 g refined palm oil + 35 g soybean oil/kg diet; RPO-50, 50 g refined palm oil + 20 g soybean oil/kg diet. Rat growth was not affected by the dietary lipid treatments after 42 d of feeding. Rats demonstrated significant differences in tissue fatty acid composition that reflected the dietary lipid treatments. The concentrations of saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids were higher but polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) lower in tibia marrow of rats given the palm oil treatments compared with those given soybean oil. The reduction in total n-6 PUFA concentration in bone of rats given palm oil was associated with higher bone specific alkaline phosphatase activity and endosteal mineral apposition rate and bone formation rate in tibia. No difference was found in ex vivo PGE₂ production in femur from rats. The histomorphometric analyses indicated that red palm olein might support bone formation and bone modeling in growing rats. Palm oil or palm antioxidants may play a role in bone formation.

Keywords: Rat, Bone, Palm oil, Histomorphometry, Vitamin E, Carotenoids