Meal replacement with mixed rice is more effective than white rice in weight control, while improving antioxidant enzyme activity in obese women

Abstract 

The physiologic consequences of using white rice or mixed rice were evaluated in overweight Korean women (body mass index ≥25kg/m²) over a period of 6 weeks. Forty women between 20 and 35 years of age were randomly divided into 2 groups who consumed 1 of 2 low-energy meal replacements containing either white rice (WR group) or mixture of brown rice and black rice (BRBL group). The subjects were not allowed to have any food other than the low-energy meal replacement 3 times a day and snacks provided by the researcher. The changes in anthropometric indices and blood parameters such as lipid levels and antioxidant activities were measured every 3 weeks during the dietary intervention. The subjects showed a significant reduction in weight, body mass index, and body fat (%) during the experimental period, with the BRBL group exhibiting levels of all 3 parameters significantly lower than those of the WR group (P < .05). The levels of total cholesterol and triacylglycerols decreased gradually and significantly after intervention in both groups, with no significant difference between groups. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly elevated in the BRBL group but not in the WR group. Superoxide dismutase activity was not affected by dietary intervention, but glutathione peroxidase activity in the BRBL group was higher than in the WR group, and the level of thiobarbituric acid–reactive substance was lower in the BRBL group compared to the WR group. In conclusion, meal replacement with mixed rice was superior to replacement with white rice in weight control, improving antioxidant enzyme activity, and as such, should be recommended for diet therapy in obese women.

Keywords: Brown rice, Black rice, Low calorie meal replacement, Weight reduction, Blood lipid levels, Antioxidant enzyme activities, Women

Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase, AST, aspartate aminotransferase, BMI, body mass index, GPx, glutathione peroxidase, GR, glutathione reductase, GSSG, oxidized glutathione, HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, MDA, malondialdehyde, SOD, superoxide dismutase, TBA, thiobarbituric acid, TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, TC, total cholesterol