« Previous
Next »
Nutrition Research
Volume 28, Issue 5
, Pages 315-320
, May 2008
Reduction of cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with type 2 diabetes by Pycnogenol supplementation
References
- Prevalence of diabetes. In: National Diabetes Statistics: National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health; 2005;
- Major risk factors as antecedents of fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease events. JAMA. 2003;290:891–897
- . Diabetes and vascular disease: pathophysiology, clinical consequences, and medical therapy: part I. Circulation. 2003;108:1527–1532
- . Hypertension in patients with diabetes. Why is aggressive treatment essential?. Postgrad Med. 2000;107:53–64
- . Efficacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 39. BMJ. 1998;317:713–720
- . Pycnogenol, French maritime pine bark extract. In: Coates P, Blackman MR, Cragg G, Levine M, Moss J, White J editor. Encyclopedia of dietary supplements. New York: Marcel Dekker; 2005;p. 545–553
- . Pine bark extract reduces platelet aggregation. Integr Med. 2000;2:73–77
- . Supplementation with a pine bark extract rich in polyphenols increases plasma antioxidant capacity and alters the plasma lipoprotein profile. Lipids. 2002;37:931–934
- . A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective, 16 week crossover study to determine the role of Pycnogenol in modifying blood pressure in mildly hypertensive patients. Nutr Res. 2001;21:1251–1260
- . French maritime pine bark extract Pycnogenol dose-dependently lowers glucose in type II diabetes patients. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:839
- . Pycnogenol, French maritime pine bark extract, improves endothelial function of hypertensive patients. Life Sci. 2004;74:855–862
- . The ten most commonly asked questions about endothelial function in cardiology. Cardiol Rev. 2001;9:250–252
- . In: Basic statistical analysis. Boston: Allyn and Bacon; 2003;p. 550–565
- Endothelin in hypertension and diabetes mellitus. In: Luscher TF editors. Endothelin in cardiovascular diseases. New York: Springer; 1995;p. 157–170
- . ACE inhibition and hypotensive effect of procyanidins-containing extract from the bark of Pinus pinaster sol. Pharm Pharmacol Lett. 1996;6:8–11
- . Endothelium-dependent vascular effects of Pycnogenol. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1998;32:509–515
- . Antidiabetic effect of Pycnogenol French maritime pine bark extract in patients with diabetes type II. Life Sci. 2004;75:2505–2513
- . Oligomeric procyanidins of French maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol) effectively inhibit a-glucosidase. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2007;77:41–46
- . Pycnogenol supplementation increases antioxidant capacity and has a favourable effect on the lipid profile in humans. Lipids. 2002;37:931–934
- . A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial on the effect of Pycnogenol on the climacteric syndrome in peri-menopausal women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2007;86:978–985
- . Pycnogenol inhibits macrophage oxidative burst, lipoprotein oxidation, and hydroxyl radical-induced DNA damage. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 1998;24:139–144
- . Pycnogenol inhibits tumor necrosis factor-a-induced nuclear factor kappa B activation and adhesion molecule expression in human vascular endothelial cells. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2000;57:834–841
- Inhibition of NF-kappaB activation and MMP-9 secretion by plasma of human volunteers after ingestion of maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol). J Inflamm (Lond). 2006;3:1
- Immunomodulation by Pycnogenol(R) in retrovirus-infected or ethanol-fed mice. Life Sci. 1995;58:L87–L96
PII: S0271-5317(08)00060-2
doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2008.03.003
© 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
Nutrition Research
Volume 28, Issue 5
, Pages 315-320
, May 2008
