Nutrition Research
Volume 29, Issue 1 , Pages 55-63 , January 2009

A mixture of Salacia reticulata (Kotala himbutu) aqueous extract and cyclodextrin reduces body weight gain, visceral fat accumulation, and total cholesterol and insulin increases in male Wistar fatty rats

  • Eriko Kishino

      Affiliations

    • Ensuiko Sugar Refining Co., LTD., Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +81 45 780 1922; fax: +81 45 780 1920.
    • ,
  • Tetsuya Ito

      Affiliations

    • Ensuiko Sugar Refining Co., LTD., Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
    • ,
  • Koki Fujita

      Affiliations

    • Ensuiko Sugar Refining Co., LTD., Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
    • ,
  • Yoshihiro Kiuchi

      Affiliations

    • Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan

Received 5 September 2008 ,Revised 23 October 2008 ,Accepted 17 November 2008.

References 

  1. Després JP. Abdominal obesity as important component of insulin-resistance syndrome. Nutrition. 1993;9:452–459
  2. Carey DG, Jenkins AB, Campbell LV, Freund J, Chisholm DJ. Abdominal fat and insulin resistance in normal and overweight women: direct measurements reveal a strong relationship in subjects at both low and high risk of NIDDM. Diabetes. 1996;45:633–638
  3. Gogia A, Agarwal PK. Metabolic syndrome. Indian J Med Sci. 2006;60:72–81
  4. Warram JH, Martin BC, Krolewski AS, Soeldner JS, Kahn CR. Slow glucose removal rate and hyperinsulinemia precede the development of type II diabetes in the offspring of diabetic parents. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:909–915
  5. Caro JF, Dohm LG, Pories WJ, Sinha MK. Cellular alteration in liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue responsible for insulin resistance in obesity and type II diabetes. Diabetes Metab. 1989;5:665–689
  6. Ahima RS. Metabolic actions of adipocyte hormones: focus on adiponectin. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2006;14:9S–15S
  7. Bahceci M, Gokalp D, Bahceci S, Tuzcu A, Atmaca S, Arikan S. The correlation between adiposity and adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6 and high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels. Is adipocyte size associated with inflammation in adults?. J Endocrinol Invest. 2007;30:210–214
  8. Mojiminiyi OA, Abdella NA, Al Arouj M, Ben Nakhi A. Adiponectin, insulin resistance and clinical expression of the metabolic syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes. Int J Obes (Lond). 2007;31:213–220
  9. Ikeda H, Shino A, Matsuo T, Iwatsuka H, Suzuoki Z. A new genetically obese-hyperglycemic rat (Wistar fatty). Diabetes. 1981;30:1045–1050
  10. Ohnuma H, Yamatani K, Daimon M, Igarashi M, Manaka H, Sasaki H, et al. Impaired neural regulation of insulin secretion related to the leptin receptor gene mutation in Wistar fatty rats. Physiol Behav. 2000;70:527–532
  11. Marles R, Farnsworth NR. Antidiabetic plants and their active constituents. Phytomedicine. 1995;2:137–189
  12. Li Y, Huang TH, Yamahara . Salacia root, a unique Ayurvedic medicine, meets multiple targets in diabetes and obesity. J Life Sci. 2008;82:1045–1049
  13. Yoshikawa M, Shimoda H, Nishida N, Takeda M. Salacia reticulata and its polyphenolic constituents with lipase inhibitory and lipolytic activities have mild antiobesity effects in rats. J Nutr. 2002;132:1819–1824
  14. Holt PR, Atillasoy E, Lindenbaum J, Ho SB, Lupton JR, McMahon D, et al. Effects of acarbose on fecal nutrients, colonic pH, and short-chain fatty acids and rectal proliferative indices. Metabolism. 1996;45:1179–1187
  15. Dehghan-Kooshkghazi M, Mathers JC. Starch digestion, large-bowel fermentation and intestinal mucosal cell proliferation in rats treated with the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose. Br J Nutr. 2004;91:357–365
  16. Ley RE, Bäckhed F, Turnbaugh P, Lozupone CA, Knight RD, Gordon JI. Obesity alters gut microbial ecology. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005;102:11070–11075
  17. Cani PD, Bibiloni R, Knauf C, Waget A, Neyrinck AM, Delzenne NM, et al. Changes in gut microbiota control metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obesity and diabetes in mice. Diabetes. 2008;57:1470–1481
  18. Tanimura C, Terada I, Hiramatsu K, Ikeda T, Kasagi T, Kishino E, et al. Effect of mixture of aqueous extract from Salacia reticulata (Kotala himbutu) and cyclodextrin on the serum glucose and insulin levels in sucrose tolerance test and on serum glucose level changes and gastro-intestinal disorder by massive ingestion. J Yonago Med Assoc. 2005;56:85–93
  19. Beppu H, Shikano M, Fujita K, Itani Y, Hamayasu K, Kishino E, et al. Supplementation effects of single and 3-month repeated ingestions of a kothalahim granule preparation containing Kothala himbutu extract on the glucose metabolism of humans. J Adv Food Ingred. 2005;8:105–117
  20. Kishino E, Ito T, Fujita K, Kiuchi Y. A mixture of the Salacia reticulata (Kotala himbutu) aqueous extract and cyclodextrin reduces the accumulation of visceral fat mass in mice and rats with high-fat diet–induced obesity. J Nutr. 2006;136:433–439
  21. American Institute of Nutrition . AIN-93 purified diets for laboratory rodents: final report of the American Institute of Nutrition ad hoc writing committee on the reformulation of the AIN-76A rodent diet. J Nutr. 1993;123:1939–1951
  22. Matthews JN, Altman DG, Campbell MJ, Royston P. Analysis of serial measurements in medical research. Br Med J. 1990;300:230–235
  23. Folch J, Less M, Sloane-Stanley GH. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J Biol Chem. 1957;226:497–509
  24. Hoshi S, Sakata T, Mikuni K, Hashimoto H, Kimura S. Galactosylsucrose and xylosylfructoside alter digestive tract size and concentrations of cecal organic acids in rats fed diets containing cholesterol and cholic acid. J Nutr. 1994;124:52–60
  25. Wycherley TP, Brinkworth GD, Noakes M, Buckley JD, Clifton PM. Effect of caloric restriction with and without exercise training on oxidative stress and endothelial function in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2008;10:1062–1073
  26. Park SY, Choi GH, Choi HI, Ryu J, Jung CY, Lee W. Calorie restriction improves whole-body glucose disposal and insulin resistance in association with the increased adipocyte-specific GLUT4 expression in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty rats. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2005;436:276–284
  27. Murase K, Odaka H, Suzuki M, Tayuki N, Ikeda H. Pioglitazone time-dependently reduces tumour necrosis factor-alpha level in muscle and improves metabolic abnormalities in Wistar fatty rats. Diabetologia. 1998;41:257–264
  28. Dhillo WS. Appetite regulation: an overview. Thyroid. 2007;17:433–435
  29. Kubota N, Yano W, Kubota T, Yamauchi T, Itoh S, Kumagai H, et al. Adiponectin stimulates AMP-activated protein kinase in the hypothalamus and increases food intake. Cell Metab. 2007;6:55–56
  30. Gabriely I, Ma XH, Yang XM, Atzmon G, Rajala MW, Berg AH, et al. Removal of visceral fat prevents insulin resistance and glucose intolerance of aging: an adipokine-mediated process?. Diabetes. 2002;51:2951–2958
  31. Frayn KN, Arner P, Yki-Jävinen H. Fatty acid metabolism in adipose tissue, muscle and liver in health and disease. Essays Biochem. 2006;42:89–103
  32. Jiao S, Matsuzawa Y, Matsubara K, Kubo M, Tokunaga K, Odaka H, et al. Abnormalities of plasma lipoproteins in a new genetically obese rat with non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (Wistar fatty rat). Int J Obes. 1991;15:487–495
  33. Huang TH, Peng G, Li GQ, Yamahara J, Roufogalis BD, Li Y. Salacia oblonga root improves postprandial hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis in Zucker diabetic fatty rats: activation of PPAR-alpha. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2006;210:225–235
  34. Virally-Monod M, Tielmans D, Kevorkian JP, Bouhnik Y, Flourie B, Porokhov B, et al. Chronic diarrhoea and diabetes mellitus: prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Diabetes Metab. 1998;24:530–536
  35. Tsukahara T, Ushida K. Organic acid profiles in feces of pigs with pathogenic or non-pathogenic diarrhea. J Vet Med Sci. 2001;63:1351–1354

PII: S0271-5317(08)00249-2

doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2008.11.001

Nutrition Research
Volume 29, Issue 1 , Pages 55-63 , January 2009

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution