Nutrition Research
Volume 29, Issue 10 , Pages 716-722 , October 2009

Both human immunodeficiency virus–infected and human immunodeficiency virus–exposed, uninfected children living in Brazil, Argentina, and Mexico have similar rates of low concentrations of retinol, β-carotene, and vitamin E

  • Jacqueline P. Monteiro

      Affiliations

    • University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
    • ,
  • Laura Freimanis-Hance

      Affiliations

    • Westat, Rockville, MD, USA
    • NISDI Pediatric Study Group 2009:Principal investigators, co-principal, investigators, study coordinators, data management center representatives, and NICHD staff include: Brazil: Belo Horizonte: Jorge Pinto, Flávia Faleiro (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais); Caxias do Sul: Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Nicole Golin, Sílvia Mariani Costamilan (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Serviço Municipal de Infectologia); Nova Iguacu: Jose Pilotto, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Valdilea Veloso (Hospital Geral Nova de Iguacu-HIV Family Care Clinic); Porto Alegre: Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Breno Riegel Santos, Rita de Cassia Alves Lira (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital Conceição); Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Mario Peixoto, Elizabete Teles (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital Fêmina); Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Marcelo Goldani, Margery Bohrer Zanetello (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre); Regis Kreitchmann, Debora Fernandes Coelho (Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto Alegre); Ribeirão Preto: Marisa M. Mussi-Pinhata, Maria Célia Cervi, Márcia L. Isaac, Bento V. Moura Negrini (Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo); Rio de Janeiro: Ricardo Hugo S. Oliveira, Maria C. Chermont Sapia (Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira); Esau Custodio Joao, Maria Leticia Cruz, Claudete Araujo Cardoso, Guilherme Amaral Calvet (Hospital dos Servidores do Estado); São Paulo: Regina Celia de Menezes Succi, Daisy Maria Machado (Federal University of São Paulo); Marinella Della Negra, Wladimir Queiroz (Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas); Mexico: Mexico City: Noris Pavía-Ruz, Patricia Villalobos-Acosta, Elsy Plascencia-Gómez (Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez); Peru, Lima: Jorge Alarcón (Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Daniel Alcides Carrión”- Sección de Epidemiologia, UNMSM), Maria Castillo Díaz (Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño), Mary Felissa Reyes Vega (Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Daniel Alcides Carrión” - Sección de Epidemiologia, UNMSM); Data Management and Statistical Center: Yolanda Bertucci, Laura Freimanis Hance, René Gonin, D. Robert Harris, Roslyn Hennessey, Margot Krauss, James Korelitz, Sharon Sothern, Sonia K. Stoszek (Westat, Rockville, MD, USA); NICHD: Rohan Hazra, Lynne Mofenson, Jennifer Read, George Siberry, Carol Worrell (Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Md).
    • ,
  • Lidiane B. Faria

      Affiliations

    • University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
    • ,
  • Marisa M. Mussi-Pinhata

      Affiliations

    • University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
    • NISDI Pediatric Study Group 2009:Principal investigators, co-principal, investigators, study coordinators, data management center representatives, and NICHD staff include: Brazil: Belo Horizonte: Jorge Pinto, Flávia Faleiro (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais); Caxias do Sul: Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Nicole Golin, Sílvia Mariani Costamilan (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Serviço Municipal de Infectologia); Nova Iguacu: Jose Pilotto, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Valdilea Veloso (Hospital Geral Nova de Iguacu-HIV Family Care Clinic); Porto Alegre: Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Breno Riegel Santos, Rita de Cassia Alves Lira (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital Conceição); Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Mario Peixoto, Elizabete Teles (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital Fêmina); Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Marcelo Goldani, Margery Bohrer Zanetello (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre); Regis Kreitchmann, Debora Fernandes Coelho (Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto Alegre); Ribeirão Preto: Marisa M. Mussi-Pinhata, Maria Célia Cervi, Márcia L. Isaac, Bento V. Moura Negrini (Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo); Rio de Janeiro: Ricardo Hugo S. Oliveira, Maria C. Chermont Sapia (Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira); Esau Custodio Joao, Maria Leticia Cruz, Claudete Araujo Cardoso, Guilherme Amaral Calvet (Hospital dos Servidores do Estado); São Paulo: Regina Celia de Menezes Succi, Daisy Maria Machado (Federal University of São Paulo); Marinella Della Negra, Wladimir Queiroz (Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas); Mexico: Mexico City: Noris Pavía-Ruz, Patricia Villalobos-Acosta, Elsy Plascencia-Gómez (Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez); Peru, Lima: Jorge Alarcón (Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Daniel Alcides Carrión”- Sección de Epidemiologia, UNMSM), Maria Castillo Díaz (Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño), Mary Felissa Reyes Vega (Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Daniel Alcides Carrión” - Sección de Epidemiologia, UNMSM); Data Management and Statistical Center: Yolanda Bertucci, Laura Freimanis Hance, René Gonin, D. Robert Harris, Roslyn Hennessey, Margot Krauss, James Korelitz, Sharon Sothern, Sonia K. Stoszek (Westat, Rockville, MD, USA); NICHD: Rohan Hazra, Lynne Mofenson, Jennifer Read, George Siberry, Carol Worrell (Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Md).
    • ,
  • James Korelitz

      Affiliations

    • Westat, Rockville, MD, USA
    • NISDI Pediatric Study Group 2009:Principal investigators, co-principal, investigators, study coordinators, data management center representatives, and NICHD staff include: Brazil: Belo Horizonte: Jorge Pinto, Flávia Faleiro (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais); Caxias do Sul: Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Nicole Golin, Sílvia Mariani Costamilan (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Serviço Municipal de Infectologia); Nova Iguacu: Jose Pilotto, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Valdilea Veloso (Hospital Geral Nova de Iguacu-HIV Family Care Clinic); Porto Alegre: Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Breno Riegel Santos, Rita de Cassia Alves Lira (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital Conceição); Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Mario Peixoto, Elizabete Teles (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital Fêmina); Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Marcelo Goldani, Margery Bohrer Zanetello (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre); Regis Kreitchmann, Debora Fernandes Coelho (Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto Alegre); Ribeirão Preto: Marisa M. Mussi-Pinhata, Maria Célia Cervi, Márcia L. Isaac, Bento V. Moura Negrini (Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo); Rio de Janeiro: Ricardo Hugo S. Oliveira, Maria C. Chermont Sapia (Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira); Esau Custodio Joao, Maria Leticia Cruz, Claudete Araujo Cardoso, Guilherme Amaral Calvet (Hospital dos Servidores do Estado); São Paulo: Regina Celia de Menezes Succi, Daisy Maria Machado (Federal University of São Paulo); Marinella Della Negra, Wladimir Queiroz (Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas); Mexico: Mexico City: Noris Pavía-Ruz, Patricia Villalobos-Acosta, Elsy Plascencia-Gómez (Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez); Peru, Lima: Jorge Alarcón (Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Daniel Alcides Carrión”- Sección de Epidemiologia, UNMSM), Maria Castillo Díaz (Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño), Mary Felissa Reyes Vega (Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Daniel Alcides Carrión” - Sección de Epidemiologia, UNMSM); Data Management and Statistical Center: Yolanda Bertucci, Laura Freimanis Hance, René Gonin, D. Robert Harris, Roslyn Hennessey, Margot Krauss, James Korelitz, Sharon Sothern, Sonia K. Stoszek (Westat, Rockville, MD, USA); NICHD: Rohan Hazra, Lynne Mofenson, Jennifer Read, George Siberry, Carol Worrell (Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Md).
    • ,
  • Hélio Vannucchi

      Affiliations

    • University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
    • ,
  • Wladimir Queiroz

      Affiliations

    • Instituto de Infectologia “Emilio Ribas” São Paulo, Brazil
    • NISDI Pediatric Study Group 2009:Principal investigators, co-principal, investigators, study coordinators, data management center representatives, and NICHD staff include: Brazil: Belo Horizonte: Jorge Pinto, Flávia Faleiro (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais); Caxias do Sul: Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Nicole Golin, Sílvia Mariani Costamilan (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Serviço Municipal de Infectologia); Nova Iguacu: Jose Pilotto, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Valdilea Veloso (Hospital Geral Nova de Iguacu-HIV Family Care Clinic); Porto Alegre: Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Breno Riegel Santos, Rita de Cassia Alves Lira (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital Conceição); Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Mario Peixoto, Elizabete Teles (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital Fêmina); Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Marcelo Goldani, Margery Bohrer Zanetello (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre); Regis Kreitchmann, Debora Fernandes Coelho (Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto Alegre); Ribeirão Preto: Marisa M. Mussi-Pinhata, Maria Célia Cervi, Márcia L. Isaac, Bento V. Moura Negrini (Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo); Rio de Janeiro: Ricardo Hugo S. Oliveira, Maria C. Chermont Sapia (Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira); Esau Custodio Joao, Maria Leticia Cruz, Claudete Araujo Cardoso, Guilherme Amaral Calvet (Hospital dos Servidores do Estado); São Paulo: Regina Celia de Menezes Succi, Daisy Maria Machado (Federal University of São Paulo); Marinella Della Negra, Wladimir Queiroz (Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas); Mexico: Mexico City: Noris Pavía-Ruz, Patricia Villalobos-Acosta, Elsy Plascencia-Gómez (Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez); Peru, Lima: Jorge Alarcón (Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Daniel Alcides Carrión”- Sección de Epidemiologia, UNMSM), Maria Castillo Díaz (Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño), Mary Felissa Reyes Vega (Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Daniel Alcides Carrión” - Sección de Epidemiologia, UNMSM); Data Management and Statistical Center: Yolanda Bertucci, Laura Freimanis Hance, René Gonin, D. Robert Harris, Roslyn Hennessey, Margot Krauss, James Korelitz, Sharon Sothern, Sonia K. Stoszek (Westat, Rockville, MD, USA); NICHD: Rohan Hazra, Lynne Mofenson, Jennifer Read, George Siberry, Carol Worrell (Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Md).
    • ,
  • Regina C.M. Succi

      Affiliations

    • Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
    • NISDI Pediatric Study Group 2009:Principal investigators, co-principal, investigators, study coordinators, data management center representatives, and NICHD staff include: Brazil: Belo Horizonte: Jorge Pinto, Flávia Faleiro (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais); Caxias do Sul: Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Nicole Golin, Sílvia Mariani Costamilan (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Serviço Municipal de Infectologia); Nova Iguacu: Jose Pilotto, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Valdilea Veloso (Hospital Geral Nova de Iguacu-HIV Family Care Clinic); Porto Alegre: Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Breno Riegel Santos, Rita de Cassia Alves Lira (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital Conceição); Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Mario Peixoto, Elizabete Teles (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital Fêmina); Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Marcelo Goldani, Margery Bohrer Zanetello (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre); Regis Kreitchmann, Debora Fernandes Coelho (Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto Alegre); Ribeirão Preto: Marisa M. Mussi-Pinhata, Maria Célia Cervi, Márcia L. Isaac, Bento V. Moura Negrini (Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo); Rio de Janeiro: Ricardo Hugo S. Oliveira, Maria C. Chermont Sapia (Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira); Esau Custodio Joao, Maria Leticia Cruz, Claudete Araujo Cardoso, Guilherme Amaral Calvet (Hospital dos Servidores do Estado); São Paulo: Regina Celia de Menezes Succi, Daisy Maria Machado (Federal University of São Paulo); Marinella Della Negra, Wladimir Queiroz (Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas); Mexico: Mexico City: Noris Pavía-Ruz, Patricia Villalobos-Acosta, Elsy Plascencia-Gómez (Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez); Peru, Lima: Jorge Alarcón (Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Daniel Alcides Carrión”- Sección de Epidemiologia, UNMSM), Maria Castillo Díaz (Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño), Mary Felissa Reyes Vega (Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Daniel Alcides Carrión” - Sección de Epidemiologia, UNMSM); Data Management and Statistical Center: Yolanda Bertucci, Laura Freimanis Hance, René Gonin, D. Robert Harris, Roslyn Hennessey, Margot Krauss, James Korelitz, Sharon Sothern, Sonia K. Stoszek (Westat, Rockville, MD, USA); NICHD: Rohan Hazra, Lynne Mofenson, Jennifer Read, George Siberry, Carol Worrell (Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Md).
    • ,
  • Rohan Hazra

      Affiliations

    • Pediatric, Adolescent and Maternal AIDS Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Pediatric, Adolescent and Maternal AIDS Branch, Center for Research for Mothers and Children, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-7510, USA. Tel.: +1 301 435 6868; fax: +1 301 496 8678.
    • NISDI Pediatric Study Group 2009:Principal investigators, co-principal, investigators, study coordinators, data management center representatives, and NICHD staff include: Brazil: Belo Horizonte: Jorge Pinto, Flávia Faleiro (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais); Caxias do Sul: Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Nicole Golin, Sílvia Mariani Costamilan (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Serviço Municipal de Infectologia); Nova Iguacu: Jose Pilotto, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Valdilea Veloso (Hospital Geral Nova de Iguacu-HIV Family Care Clinic); Porto Alegre: Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Breno Riegel Santos, Rita de Cassia Alves Lira (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital Conceição); Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Mario Peixoto, Elizabete Teles (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital Fêmina); Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Marcelo Goldani, Margery Bohrer Zanetello (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre); Regis Kreitchmann, Debora Fernandes Coelho (Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto Alegre); Ribeirão Preto: Marisa M. Mussi-Pinhata, Maria Célia Cervi, Márcia L. Isaac, Bento V. Moura Negrini (Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo); Rio de Janeiro: Ricardo Hugo S. Oliveira, Maria C. Chermont Sapia (Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira); Esau Custodio Joao, Maria Leticia Cruz, Claudete Araujo Cardoso, Guilherme Amaral Calvet (Hospital dos Servidores do Estado); São Paulo: Regina Celia de Menezes Succi, Daisy Maria Machado (Federal University of São Paulo); Marinella Della Negra, Wladimir Queiroz (Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas); Mexico: Mexico City: Noris Pavía-Ruz, Patricia Villalobos-Acosta, Elsy Plascencia-Gómez (Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez); Peru, Lima: Jorge Alarcón (Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Daniel Alcides Carrión”- Sección de Epidemiologia, UNMSM), Maria Castillo Díaz (Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño), Mary Felissa Reyes Vega (Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Daniel Alcides Carrión” - Sección de Epidemiologia, UNMSM); Data Management and Statistical Center: Yolanda Bertucci, Laura Freimanis Hance, René Gonin, D. Robert Harris, Roslyn Hennessey, Margot Krauss, James Korelitz, Sharon Sothern, Sonia K. Stoszek (Westat, Rockville, MD, USA); NICHD: Rohan Hazra, Lynne Mofenson, Jennifer Read, George Siberry, Carol Worrell (Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Md).

Received 28 August 2009 ,Revised 2 October 2009 ,Accepted 6 October 2009.

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PII: S0271-5317(09)00176-6

doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2009.10.001

Nutrition Research
Volume 29, Issue 10 , Pages 716-722 , October 2009

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